What is Face Detection?
The definition of face detection refers to computer technology that is able to identify the presence of people’s faces within digital images. In order to work, face detection applications use machine learning and formulas known as algorithms to detecting human faces within larger images. These larger images might contain numerous objects that aren’t faces such as landscapes, buildings and other parts of humans (e.g. legs, shoulders and arms).Face detection is a broader term than face recognition. Face detection just means that a system is able to identify that there is a human face present in an image or video. Face detection has several applications, only one of which is facial recognition. Face detection can also be used to auto focus cameras. And it can be used to count how many people have entered a particular area. It can even be used for marketing purposes. For example, advertisements can be displayed the moment a face is recognized.
Face recognition can confirm identity. It is therefore used to control access to sensitive areas.
How Face Detection Works
While the process is somewhat complex, face detection algorithms often begin by searching for human eyes. Eyes constitute what is known as a valley region and are one of the easiest features to detect. Once eyes are detected, the algorithm might then attempt to detect facial regions including eyebrows, the mouth, nose, nostrils and the iris. Once the algorithm surmises that it has detected a facial region, it can then apply additional tests to validate whether it has, in fact, detected a face.Face Detection vs. Face Recognition
One of the most important applications of face detection, however, is facial recognition. Face recognition describes a biometric technology that goes way beyond recognizing when a human face is present. It actually attempts to establish whose face it is. The process works using a computer application that captures a digital image of an individual’s face (sometimes taken from a video frame) and compares it to images in a database of stored records. While facial recognition isn’t 100% accurate, it can very accurately determine when there is a strong chance that an person’s face matches someone in the database.There are lots of applications of face recognition. Face recognition is already being used to unlock phones and specific applications. Face recognition is also used for biometric surveillance. Banks, retail stores, stadiums, airports and other facilities use facial recognition to reduce crime and prevent violence.
So in short, while all facial recognition systems use face detection, not all face detection systems have a facial recognition component.
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